Studies in Late Modern English Correspondence: Methodology and Data by Marina Dossena & Ingrid Tieken-Boon van Ostade

Author:Marina Dossena & Ingrid Tieken-Boon van Ostade [Dossena, Marina & Ostade, Ingrid Tieken-Boon van]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Literary Criticism, European, English; Irish; Scottish; Welsh
ISBN: 9783039116584
Google: zKpBOhu00ggC
Goodreads: 49489966
Publisher: Peter Lang
Published: 2008-01-15T10:35:47+00:00

Comparing the case studies

The three countries studied in this chapter have responded in different ways to the EC proposal of punishing Chinese solar PV producers with AD measures. This was a result of their differing interests and values with regard to this case. Germany, having a high stake in the Chinese market and a growing bilateral economic linkage, was more willing to follow what its liberal economic values dictated. Consistent belief in free trade and interests in further developing bilateral economic ties have turned Germany into a spearhead to oppose the EC’s decision of imposing AD duties against Chinese solar PV producers.

In the case of Italy, although it had growing economic ties with Beijing, its protectionist propensity in economic values and concerns over the increasing market shares of Chinese solar firms establishing their presence in Europe – and over labour rights for local employees – later compelled the Italian government to side with Commissioner De Gucht on the AD and AS investigations against Chinese solar manufacturers. Under such circumstances, a consistent belief in trade protection and expectations that its economic interests would be further harmed have led Italy to support the EC’s protective action.

Unlike both Germany and Italy, Poland had to struggle with its conflicting interests as well as the contradiction between the choice it made and its economic values embracing trade protection. Despite concerns over the growing trade imbalance, the need for cheaper products from China and Chinese investments seemed to override its protectionist inclinations, eventually driving the Polish government to oppose the EC’s trade defence initiatives against China. With such a choice, Poland had to deal with domestic criticism for making concessions to the authoritarian state.

The divisions among EU member states have thus undermined the unity of the EU’s foreign trade policy. Despite the above divisions, to this day, it remains very difficult to determine their exact effect. Concretely this means that we cannot say for sure whether the minimum import price undertaking settlement, and Brussels’ decision to accept it, were policy outcomes (1) profoundly influenced by the actions of Germany within the European Union, or (2) indicative of a certain level of autonomy recognized by the European Commission.

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